When it comes to mining coal there are two processes by which coal can be removed from the ground surface mining or underground mining In Australia the majority of coal mining is done via the opencast method although often the method of choice is dependent on
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Mining techniques can be divided into two common excavation types surface mining and sub surface (underground) mining Today surface mining is much more common and produces for example 85% of minerals (excluding petroleum and natural gas) in the United States including 98% of metallic or
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Surface mining is often preferred to subsurface mining by companies in the industry because it is less expensive there are fewer complications with electricity and water and it is safer However surface mining can be more environmentally damaging than subsurface mining Types of Surface Mining Open Pit Mining
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Mining is further divided into several other categories including room and pillar mining slope mining block caving quarrying open pit mining and in situ mining Surface mining involves stripping surface vegetation dirt bedrock and other layers of the earth to reach ore deposits underneath
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11 PHASES OF A MINING PROJECT There are different phases of a mining project beginning with mineral ore exploration and ending with the post closure period What follows are the typical phases of a proposed mining project Each phase of mining is associated with different sets of environmental impacts 111 Exploration
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Surface mining including strip mining open pit mining and mountaintop removal mining is a broad category of mining in which soil and rock overlying the mineral deposit (the overburden) are removed In contrast to underground mining in which the overlying rock is left in place and the mineral removed through shafts or tunnels
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sub surface mining types | Solution for ore mining ChaCha Answer The 3 main types of sub surface mining are quarrying solution mining a Mining Wikipedia the free encyclopedia Mining techniques can be divided into two common excavation types surface mining and sub surface (underground) mining >>Chat Online
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Placer mining is used to sift out valuable metals from sediments in river channels beach sands or other environments In situ mining which is primarily used in mining uranium involves dissolving the mineral resource in place then processing it at the surface without moving rock from the ground
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Surface mining including strip mining open pit mining and mountaintop removal mining is a broad category of mining in which soil and rock overlying the mineral deposit (the overburden) are removed In contrast to underground mining in which the overlying rock is left in place and the mineral removed through shafts or tunnels
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11 PHASES OF A MINING PROJECT There are different phases of a mining project beginning with mineral ore exploration and ending with the post closure period What follows are the typical phases of a proposed mining project Each phase of mining is associated with different sets of environmental impacts 111 Exploration
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Coal mining is far and away the largest industrial consumer of explosives in the United Stat According to government figures for 2005 more than 18 billion pounds of high explosives were used in West ia and Kentucky alone primarily in surface mining operations
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Surface Coal Mining Surface mining is accomplished by removing overburden from the coal seam and then blasting and removing the coal The ratio of overburden excavated to the amount of coal removed is called the overburden ratio The lower the ratio the more productive the mine The lowest overburden ratios are found in western surface min
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Jul 24 2016· Types of Underground Mining and Their Applications
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Aug 18 2015· The two most common methods of mining are surface and underground mining The method is determined mainly by the characteristics of the mineral deposit and the limits imposed by safety technology environmental and economical concerns The first step in the production stage is recovering the minerals This is the process of extracting the ore
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Quarries are made when big deposits of commercially helpful minerals or rock are found close to the Earth's surface Quarrying is a type of mining and is also called as open pit mining or strip mining When minerals are found profound beneath the surface a deep mine has to be dug to dig out them
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Mining techniques can be divided into two broad categories surface mining and subsurface mining (See Figure 1) Surface mining consists of stripping soil and vegetation away and possibly a limited amount of rock and then removing ore in large quantiti
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In any discussion of Methods of Underground Mining Comparison one is repeatedly confronted with the difficulty of dealing with so many variable conditions It is not an exact science and in the choice of a method each varying factor has a certain weight which in many cases experience alone can determine
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In any discussion of Methods of Underground Mining Comparison one is repeatedly confronted with the difficulty of dealing with so many variable conditions It is not an exact science and in the choice of a method each varying factor has a certain weight which in many cases experience alone can determine
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Surface mining is a form of mining in which the soil and the rock covering the mineral deposits are removed It is the other way of underground mining in which the overlying rock is left behind and the required mineral deposits are removed through shafts or tunnels Surface mining is basically employed when deposits of commercially viable minerals or rock are found closer to the surface
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The US Government's Official Website for the Office of Surface Mining Reclamation and Enforcement (OSMRE) OSMRE's business practices are to reclaim abandoned mine lands (Title IV) regulate active coal mines (Title V) and apply sound science through technology transfer
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Surface mining can be used when the coal is buried less than 200 feet underground In surface mining giant machines remove the top soil and layers of rock known as "overburden" to expose the coal
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Mar 08 2018· These surface mining methods are considered to be more efficient and economical in extracting minerals as compared to most methods of underground mining In fact it can extract almost 90% of ore from a deposit For this reason surface mining is
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Nov 19 2013· construction of four deep and large diameter blind shaft for the passage of vertical gas pipelines duration 5 16 brasfond 1 494 940 views
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Advantages of underground mining *less surface disturbance *less environmental disturbance *less waste mined per tonne of ore *ability to mine resources that are not economic as a surface mine *cheaper to set up mine development for deep ore depo
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Environmental Impacts Laws Details about how the topsoil will be affected and how it will be replaced must be stated before mining begins All affected water must be processed and cleaned before leaving the mining site Procedures for public notice public participation and
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In any discussion of Methods of Underground Mining Comparison one is repeatedly confronted with the difficulty of dealing with so many variable conditions It is not an exact science and in the choice of a method each varying factor has a certain weight which in many cases experience alone can determine
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